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A: Actually, the term "hyperpigmentation" also includes melasma/chloasma and freckles. Melasma and chloasma typically occur because of a hormonal imbalance caused by pregnancy or oral contraceptives, for example.
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A: In addition to sun exposure, genetics can also contribute to sun spots. As some people get older, they're genetically predisposed to have these spots.
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A: Typically, they’re harmless; however, if you notice any changes in your spots, it’s important to see a dermatologist. Watch out for these changes in your sun spots, according to the Mayo Clinic: the spot is "darkly pigmented; rapidly increasing in size; has an irregular border and/or an unusual combination of colors."
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A: People with lighter skin are at increased risk, particularly those who have freckles and get sunburned quickly. Also, three fourths of Caucasians develop age spots, according to The New York Times.
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